Viola canina subsp. canina merupakan tumbuhan menahun dari famili Violaceae. Tumbuhan ini berasal dari bioma beriklim sedang dengan rentang sebaran mulai dari Eropa hingga Siberia.
Viola abulensis f. clandestina Caball. Viola asarifolia Schreb. ex Muhl. Viola canina var. collina Wallr. Viola canina var. contracta Vl.V.Nikitin Viola canina var. dunensis W.Becker Viola canina var. elatior Laest. Viola canina var. ericetorum (Schrad. ex Link) Rchb. Viola canina var. frustranea Laest. Viola canina var. glauca Hartm. Viola canina var. intermedia (Krock.) Wimm. & Grab. Viola canina var. lanceolata Martrin-Donos Viola canina var. longifolia Neilr. Viola canina var. lucorum Lange Viola canina var. macrantha Wallr. Viola canina var. macrantha DC. Viola canina var. caulescens Tosco ex Ariello & Bellia Viola canina var. calcarea Rchb. Viola canina lusus apetala (F.W.Schmidt) Regel Viola canina lusus sabulosa (Klett & Richt.) Regel Viola canina subsp. contracta (Vl.V.Nikitin) Vl.V.Nikitin Viola canina subsp. lucorum Schübl. & G.Martens Viola canina subsp. pumila Wigand Viola canina subsp. silvensis (Font Quer) O.Bolòs & Vigo Viola canina var. acaulis Wimm. & Grab. Viola canina var. alba Boenn. Viola canina var. alpina Gray Viola canina var. apetala (F.W.Schmidt) Gaudin Viola canina var. caespitosa Boenn. Viola canina var. maculata Boenn.
Penampakan
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Referensi
POWO (2024). "Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; https://powo.science.kew.org/."
IPNI (2024). "International Plant Names Index. Published on the Internet http://www.ipni.org, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries, and Australian National Herbarium"
USDA - NRCS (2024). "United States Department of Agriculture - Natural Resources Conservation Service", Plant Profile.
